Lung tomography is an advanced imaging method that allows a detailed examination of the chest area. This method, which plays a crucial role in diagnosing lung diseases, can be performed in different ways, such as low-dose or contrast-enhanced tomography. In this article, we will explore in detail what lung tomography is, how it is performed, and in which cases it is preferred.
What is Lung Tomography?
Lung tomography is a type of computed tomography (CT) that captures cross-sectional images of the lungs using X-rays. This method provides a detailed view of lung tissue and helps detect potential diseases. Compared to a standard chest X-ray, it offers much more detailed results.
Why is Lung Tomography Performed?
Lung tomography is an essential imaging technique used to diagnose various diseases. Doctors may request a lung tomography in the following cases:
- Lung Cancer Screening: Since smokers are at a higher risk of lung cancer, low-dose lung tomography is recommended for individuals in certain age groups.
- Pneumonia and Infections: It is used to diagnose lung infections, pneumonia, and diseases like tuberculosis.
- Blood Clots in Lung Vessels (Pulmonary Embolism): It can be performed to determine whether there is a blood clot in the lung vessels in patients experiencing shortness of breath and chest pain.
- COPD and Emphysema: It may be required to evaluate diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and emphysema.
- Lung Nodules: It helps determine whether suspicious nodules detected in the lungs are benign or malignant.
- Trauma: It can be used to assess lung damage resulting from chest trauma.
How is Lung Tomography Performed?
Lung tomography is a painless procedure conducted in hospitals or imaging centers. The process generally follows these steps:
Preparation Stage:
- If a contrast-enhanced tomography is required, a contrast agent is administered intravenously. This substance helps make blood vessels and certain tissues more visible.
- The patient must remove any metal objects, including jewelry, belts, and glasses.
- If fasting is necessary, the doctor will provide instructions beforehand.
Imaging Process:
- The patient lies on their back on the tomography table.
- The ring-shaped section of the machine rotates around the patient, capturing cross-sectional images of the lungs.
- The patient may be asked to hold their breath for a few seconds at times.
Evaluation of Results:
- The images are analyzed by a radiologist.
- Results are usually reviewed within a few hours or a day and are then shared with the patient by the doctor.
Is Lung Tomography Harmful?
Since computed tomography uses X-rays, it exposes the patient to some level of radiation. However, modern devices minimize radiation exposure, especially through low-dose tomography used for lung cancer screenings. Unnecessary tomography scans should be avoided, and the procedure should be done only when recommended by a doctor.
Lung tomography is an advanced imaging method that plays a critical role in the early diagnosis of many lung diseases. It has a wide range of applications, from lung cancer screenings to pneumonia diagnosis. Consulting your doctor before undergoing a tomography scan will help determine its necessity and the most suitable method for you. If you are a smoker and in a high-risk group, you should discuss regular lung screenings with your doctor.