Hysterosalpingography

What is Hysterosalpingography (HSG)?

Hysterosalpingography is an X-ray imaging method used to evaluate female infertility, recurrent miscarriages, and anomalies in the anatomy of the reproductive system. A contrast medium is injected into the uterus through the vaginal route, and imaging is performed using a fluoroscopy device that uses very low ionizing radiation.
This method detects fibroids, adhesions, blockages, and deformities visible in the uterus and fallopian tubes. Interestingly, HSG not only diagnoses some patients but can also increase the chances of pregnancy by opening small blockages in the tubes.

Why is Hysterosalpingography Performed?
An HSG is needed in the following situations:
•    Investigation of causes of infertility when pregnancy does not occur
•    Evaluation of structural, infection-related, or post-surgical blockages in the fallopian tubes
•    Checking for tubal ligation
•    Detection of congenital or acquired uterine adhesions, endometrial polyps, and tumors
In these respects, HSG is one of the most important diagnostic methods for evaluating female reproductive health.

How to Prepare for an HSG
•    Schedule your appointment for 10 days after the first day of your last period and before ovulation.
•    The procedure is performed on an outpatient basis; hospitalization is not required.
•    Be sure to inform your doctor if you have pelvic infection, sexually transmitted diseases, or other health problems.
•    If you have any allergies to contrast agents or other substances, tell your doctor before the procedure.
•    Your doctor may recommend painkillers or antibiotics before the procedure.
•    You will need to undress and put on a patient gown before the procedure. Remove any metal jewelry and accessories.

How is an HSG performed?
•    The procedure is performed on a table similar to a gynecological examination table.
•    After the healthcare professional performs the necessary cleaning, a speculum is inserted into the cervix through the vaginal route and a catheter is attached.
•    After the speculum is removed, contrast material is administered into the uterus and fallopian tubes through the catheter, and imaging is performed under fluoroscopy.

After the Procedure
•    After HSG, you may experience mild pain or cramping similar to menstrual cramps.
•    Mild vaginal discharge lasting a few days is normal.
•    You should inform your doctor if you experience severe pain, high fever, or heavy discharge.